Soil microorganisms are tiny living organisms, such as bacteria, fungi, and protozoa, that play a crucial role in soil health and nutrient cycling. They help break down organic matter, release nutrients for plants to use, and suppress harmful pathogens. Research in this area aims to understand the diversity, abundance, and function of soil microorganisms, as well as their interactions with plants and other soil organisms. This knowledge can be used to improve agricultural practices, restore degraded soils, and mitigate climate change.